Cefotil 500mg Tablet

Uses of Cefotil 500mg Tablet

• Bacterial Infections
• Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
• Otitis Media (Infection Of Ear)
• Urinary Tract Infection
• Skin And Soft Tissue Infections
• Bone And Joint Infections
• Sepsis
• Pharyngitis/Tonsilitis
• Sinusitis
• Bronchitis
• Urinary tract infections
• Lyme disease
• Gynecological infection
• Gonorrhea And Associated Infections

How does Cefotil 500mg Tablet work?

Cefotil 500mg Tablet includes cefuroxime, a second-generation cephalosporin that prevents the bacterial cell wall from being formed by attaching to particular binding proteins inside the bacterial cell wall. As a result, the bacteria's cell wall weakens and loses stability, resulting in cell damage and, finally, bacterial eradication.  

Side Effects of Cefotil 500mg Tablet

• Dizziness
• Nausea and Vomiting
• Muscle pain and weakness
• Painful or difficult urination
• Headache
• Stomach pain
• Low Hemoglobin
• Liver Transaminases Increased
• Thrombophlebitis
• Anaphylaxis
• Dizziness
• Fever
• Headache
• Rash
• Diarrhea
• Colitis
• Neutropenia
• Increased Creatinine Level In Blood
• Seizures
• Angioedema
• Cholestasis
• Overgrowth of candida (fungal skin infection)
• Unpleasant taste in the mouth
• Diaper rashes
• Eosinophilia (increased disease-fighting cells/WBC)

Quick Suggestions:

• Complete the full course: Take Cefotil 500mg Tablet as prescribed by your doctor and finish the entire course of treatment, even if you start feeling better. Skipping doses or stopping the medication prematurely can result in the infection returning and may make it more difficult to treat.
• Take with food: To avoid potential stomach upset, take Cefotil 500mg Tablets with food. This can help reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
• Consider probiotics: After completing the full course of Cefotil 500mg Tablet, you may consider taking probiotics to help restore healthy bacteria in your intestine. Probiotics, available in supplement form or certain fermented foods, can help reduce the risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and promote a healthy gut microbiome.
• Include fiber-rich foods: Including fiber-enriched foods in your diet can support the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. Whole grains like whole-grain bread and brown rice are good sources of fiber and can aid in restoring healthy gut microbiota.
• Limit calcium-enriched foods and drinks: Excessive intake of calcium-enriched foods and drinks may potentially interfere with the effectiveness of Cefotil 500mg Tablet. It is advisable to avoid consuming large amounts of calcium while taking this medication.
• Avoid alcohol: It is recommended to avoid alcoholic beverages while taking Cefotil 500mg Tablet. Alcohol can lead to dehydration and interfere with your body's ability to fight off infections.
• Monitor for side effects: Diarrhea is a common side effect of Cefotil 500mg Tablet and should resolve once the treatment is completed. However, if the diarrhea persists or if you notice blood in your stools, inform your doctor. Additionally, discontinue the medication and seek immediate medical attention if you experience a rash, itchy skin, swelling of the face and mouth, or difficulty breathing, as these may indicate an allergic reaction.

Indication

Cefuroxime is used to treat infections caused by bacteria that are susceptible to antibiotics.

• Streptococcus pyogenes causes pharyngitis and tonsillitis.
• Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis (beta-lactamase generating strains), or Streptococcus pyogenes cause acute bacterial otitis media.
• Streptococcus pneumonia or Haemophilus influenza induces acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis (non-beta-lactamase-producing strains)
• Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus aureus (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, and E. coli cause lower respiratory tract infections.
• Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza (beta-lactamase negative strains), or Haemophilus parainfluenza cause acute bacterial aggravation of chronic bronchitis and secondary bacterial infections of acute bronchitis (beta-lactamase negative strains).
• Staphylococcus aureus (including beta-lactamase generating strains) or Streptococcus pyogenes infections of the skin and skin structures.
• E.coli or Klebsiella pneumonia infections of the urinary tract.
• Staphylococcus aureus infections of the bones and joints (penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains).
• Penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase-producing strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae cause gonorrhea.
• Borrelia burgdorferi causes early Lyme Disease (erythema migrans).

Pharmacology

Cefuroxime is a well-studied and potent antibacterial drug. It belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics and exhibits broad-spectrum bactericidal activity. It is effective against various types of infections, including those caused by bacteria that produce beta-lactamases, which are enzymes that can break down certain antibiotics.

One of the advantages of cefuroxime is its resistance to bacterial beta-lactamases, making it effective against a wide range of strains that are resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin, which are penicillin-class antibiotics. This property allows cefuroxime to combat infections caused by bacteria that have developed resistance mechanisms.

Cefuroxime's broad spectrum of activity and resistance to beta-lactamases make it a valuable antibiotic in the treatment of various bacterial infections. However, it is important to use cefuroxime and other antibiotics judiciously, following the guidance of healthcare professionals, to minimize the development of antibiotic resistance.

Dosage & Administration of Cefotil 500mg Tablet

The administration instructions for Cefotil 500mg Tablet (Cefuroxime) are as follows:

Tablet:

• It can be taken with or without food.

The recommended adult doses for different indications are as follows:

• Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis: 250 mg orally every 12 hours for 10 days.
• Acute Bacterial Maxillary Sinusitis: 250 mg orally every 12 hours for 10 days.
• Acute Bacterial Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis: 250-500 mg orally every 12 hours for 10 days or 500-750 mg IV every 8 hours. Switch to oral therapy as soon as clinically possible.
• Secondary Bacterial Infections of Acute Bronchitis: 250-500 mg orally every 12 hours for 5-10 days.
• Uncomplicated Pneumonia: 750 mg IV/IM every 8 hours.
• Uncomplicated Skin/Skin Structure Infections: 250-500 mg orally every 12 hours for 10 days or 750 mg IV/IM every 8 hours. Switch to oral therapy as soon as clinically possible.
• Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: 125-250 mg orally every 12 hours for 7-10 days or 750 mg IV/IM every 8 hours. Switch to oral therapy as soon as clinically possible.
• Gonorrhea:
  • Uncomplicated: 1 g orally once or 1.5 g IM once at 2 different sites with 1 g of probenecid orally.
  • Disseminated: 750 mg IV/IM every 8 hours.
• Early Lyme Disease: 500 mg orally every 12 hours for 20 days.
• Severe or Complicated Infections: 1.5 g IV/IM every 8 hours. May be administered every 6 hours in life-threatening situations.

The recommended child doses are as follows:

• Children: 20-30 mg/kg/day orally divided into two doses every 12 hours.
• For bone and joint infections: Up to 100 mg/kg/day IV or 100-150 mg/kg/day IM divided into three doses every 8 hours.

Renal dose adjustment:

• Renal impairment:
  • Patients undergoing hemodialysis: Additional 750-mg dose after each dialysis session.
  • Patients undergoing continuous peritoneal dialysis: 750 mg twice daily.
  • Creatinine clearance (CrCl) 10-20 mL/min: 750 mg twice

Interaction

Drug-Drug Interactions:

• Oral birth control pills: Cefotil 500mg Tablet may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Additional or alternative contraceptive methods may be needed.
• Medicines that reduce gastric acidity (e.g., antacids, omeprazole): These medications may decrease the absorption of Cefotil 500mg Tablet. It is recommended to take them at least 2 hours before or after taking Cefotil 500mg Tablet.
• Immunosuppressant drugs (e.g., mycophenolate, mycophenolic acid): Cefotil 500mg Tablet may interfere with the effectiveness of these medications. Close monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary.
• Medicines used for reducing uric acid (e.g., probenecid): Cefotil 500mg Tablet may interact with probenecid, leading to increased blood levels of Cefotil 500mg Tablet and potential side effects. Dose adjustments may be required.
• Urine glucose tests: Cefotil 500mg Tablet may give false-positive results in urine glucose tests. It is recommended to use alternative methods to monitor glucose levels during the treatment period.
• Typhoid and BCG vaccines: Cefotil 500mg Tablet may interfere with the effectiveness of these vaccines. It is advisable to discuss vaccination schedules with your healthcare provider.

Drug-Food Interactions:

• Grapefruit juice: Grapefruit juice may interact with Cefotil 500mg Tablet and affect its absorption. It is recommended to avoid consuming grapefruit juice while taking this medication.
• Dietary supplements containing minerals like calcium: High levels of calcium from supplements may reduce the absorption of Cefotil 500mg Tablet. It is advisable to take calcium supplements at least 2 hours before or after taking the medication.

Drug-Disease Interactions:

• Colitis: Cefotil 500mg Tablet should be used with caution in patients with a history of colitis, as it may worsen the condition.
• Kidney disease: Dose adjustment may be required in patients with kidney disease, depending on the severity of impairment. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dosage.
• Ferricyanide tests: Cefotil 500mg Tablet may interfere with ferricyanide tests, leading to false-positive results. Inform your healthcare provider if you are scheduled for such tests.
• Dialysis: In patients undergoing dialysis, the dosage of Cefotil 500mg Tablet may need to be adjusted. Your doctor will provide specific instructions.
• Liver disease: Cefotil 500mg Tablet should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Close monitoring of liver function may be necessary.
• Epilepsy (fits): Inform your doctor if you have a history of epilepsy before starting Cefotil 500mg Tablet.
• Diarrhea: Cefotil 500mg Tablet may worsen diarrhea in some individuals. If you experience severe or persistent diarrhea while taking the medication, contact your doctor

Contraindications

Cefuroxime is not recommended for people who have a Cephalosporin allergy.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Cefuroxime is classified as a pregnancy category B by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, no suitable and well-controlled studies on pregnant women have been conducted. Because animal reproduction studies do not always predict human response, this medication should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary. Human milk has been found to contain cefuroxime. When Cefuroxime is given to a nursing woman, caution should be observed.

Precautions & Warnings

• Allergic reactions: If you have a known allergy to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics, exercise caution when taking Cefotil 500mg Tablet. Inform your healthcare provider about your allergy history.
• Fungal infections: Concurrent use of Cefotil 500mg Tablet with other antibiotics may increase the risk of developing a fungal skin infection called Candida. If you experience symptoms such as skin rash, itching, or white patches in the mouth, inform your doctor.
• Overgrowth of pathogens: Prolonged use of Cefotil 500mg Tablet can disrupt the balance of normal bacteria in the body and lead to overgrowth of other pathogens, such as enterococci and Clostridium difficile. If you develop persistent diarrhea or other symptoms of infection, contact your healthcare provider.
• Colitis: Cases of colitis (inflammatory bowel disease) have been reported with the use of Cefotil 500mg Tablet. If you experience severe or persistent diarrhea, abdominal cramps, or blood in the stool, discontinue the medication and seek medical attention.
• Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction: In patients taking Cefotil 500mg Tablet 6's for the treatment of Lyme disease, a temporary reaction known as the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction may occur. This reaction is caused by the release of toxins when bacteria are killed. Contact your healthcare provider if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, sweating, headache, or muscle aches.
• Impaired judgment and dizziness: Cefotil 500mg Tablet may cause dizziness and affect your ability to perform tasks that require judgment, cognitive function, or coordination. Exercise caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing activities that require mental alertness.

Storage Conditions

Store below 25°C temperature. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.